In this issue, articles are on wheat, cassava, maize, indian mustard, eggplant, rice, rape seed, etc.
This first issue for 2016 covers topics on cereals, melon, maize, rice, corn, sugarcane among others.
This final issue for 2015 contains articles on tomato, jatropha, rice, maize, linseed, pea, lentil, fenugreek, rice, etc
This issue for 2015 has articles on sesame, okra, cotton, rice, barley, bitter gourd, maize and Indian mustard in Sudan, Myanmar, and India.
JOURNAL OF BREEDING AND GENETICS
VOL. 47 NO. 2 JUNE 2015
CONTENTS
Research articles
This first issue for 2015 has articles on cabbage, wheat, corn, tomato and coriander.
SUMMARY
Increasing wheat production has become an urgent requirement to cope with rapid population growth and abrupt climate change. The management of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) is one of the most important factors for sustaining and increasing wheat production, particularly in semiarid environments. This 2-year field study, which aimed to investigate the effect of P levels (0, 35, and 70 kg P2O5 ha−1) and N forms (urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate) on the yield attributes of three diverse highyielding commercial wheat cultivars (‘Shandawel-1’, ‘Sids-14’, and ‘Sakha-95’), was carried out at Om-Elzain Village, Zagazig, Egypt. The results indicated that increasing P levels was accompanied by a substantial increase in all evaluated traits, except spike length, and that high P level (70 kg P2O5 ha−1) was superior. Considerable genetic variation was detected among the evaluated cultivars for all studied traits. Cultivar ‘Sakha-95’, followed by ‘Sids14’, presented the most vigorous growth and enhancements in most yield components, grain yield, and biological yield. Furthermore, ‘Sakha-95’ recorded the highest agronomic P use efficiency, followed by cultivar ‘Sids-14’. N forms did not significantly affect all of the tested traits except plant height, spike number m−2, and 1000-grain weight, during both seasons. Ammonium-containing fertilizer (ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate) resulted in the highest values for these traits when compared with urea. Accordingly, ‘Sakha-95’ and ‘Sids-14’ are recommended for commercial use under high P levels. N forms had a marginally substantial effect on grain yield and its attributes.
Keywords: Phosphorus levels, nitrogen forms, wheat cultivars, grain yield and its attributes, agronomic phosphorus use efficiency, principal component analysis
DOI: http://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2021.53.4.4
SUMMARY
Genetic engineering is one of the strategies for developing nitrogen (N)-use-efficient rice (Oryza sativa) varieties. One gene that plays an indirect role in N metabolism is alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT). It can efficiently increase N content and crop yield. In a previous study, the tomato AlaAT gene (LeAlaAT) was successfully isolated and introduced into ‘Mekongga’ rice. The present research was conducted during 2018 and 2019 at the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Bogor, Indonesia. The objectives of the present study were to perform the molecular characterization of LeAlaAT ‘Mekongga’ rice lines on the basis of the hpt marker gene, the direct PCR of the LeAlaAT fragment, and the phenotypic evaluation of the selected LeAlaAT T1 ‘Mekongga’ rice lines in response to different N fertilizer rates (0 kg ha−1 [control] and 60, 90, and 120 kg ha−1). This research involved three activities, namely (1) Southern blot analysis, (2) direct PCR, and (3) N use efficiency (NUE) test of ‘Mekongga’ transgenic lines. Southern blot analysis revealed that in T0 transgenic lines, the copy number of the hpt marker gene varied from 1 to 3. Direct PCR confirmed the presence of the AlaAT fragment in the T1 generation of five ‘Mekongga’ transgenic lines. The five transgenic lines showed high panicle number, biomass weight, shoot dry weight, and total grain weight under 120 kg ha−1 nitrogen. The high agronomical NUE of transgenic lines under 120 kg ha−1 N implied that the transgenic rice lines have the potential for efficient N use at a certain minimum level of N (120 kg ha−1 of nitrogen) and should be further evaluated at high N levels.
Keyword: Ma Alanine aminotransferase, LeAlaAT transgenic rice lines, Mekongga, Southern blot, direct PCR, N use efficiency
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2021.53.4.14
SUMMARY
Tea (Camellia sinensis L. [O.] Kuntze) is a highly cross-pollinated and self-incompatible plant. Seeds can be harvested from specific individual mother plants in polyclonal tea gardens. Whether the pollen donor plays an important role in seed formation remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the male parents of 72 natural hybridized progenies (F1) from one female parent on the basis of a putative specific allele by using simplesequence repeat (SSR) markers and the exclusion-likelihood method with Cervus 3.0 software. The genetic material, which comprised seven accessions of C. sinensis L., was acquired from Assamica planted in the Kayulandak polyclonal seed garden of the Pagilaran tea plantation in Batang District, Central Java, Indonesia, and was studied during 2019 and 2020. The genotype PGL-15 was used as the female parent, whereas the six candidate genotypes PGL-10, GMB-9, GMB-7, TPS-93, GMB-11, and TRI 2025 were used as the male parents. In this study, 13 SSR loci were used to identify the male parents of the F1 progenies obtained through natural hybridization between one female and six male tea accessions. Results indicated that the exclusion-likelihood method, which correctly predicted 100% of the male parents, was more effective than the putative specific allele approach, which correctly predicted only 34.72% of the male parents in the 72 hybridized F1 progenies of tea plants.
Keywords: Camellia sinensis L., natural pollination, SSR markers, paternity analysis, putative specific allele, exclusion-likelihood method
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2021.53.4.10
SUMMARY
Iron toxicity has become a serious issue affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in many irrigated lowland areas. The selection of Fe2+-tolerant rice cultivars under iron toxicity conditions and the identification of molecular markers are good approaches to obtaining tangible results. This study aimed to identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that were associated with iron tolerance traits in a rice backcross population. A total of 117 seedlings from the backcross (BC3F2) of ‘OM6830’/‘AS996’//‘AS996’ were phenotyped at the 4-week-seedling stage at Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The rice population was screened in Yoshida nutrient medium supplemented with FeCl2 at a concentration of 150 mg L−1 under greenhouse conditions. Phenotypic analysis was conducted by scoring two parameters, namely, root length and leaf bronzing. Genotypic analysis was carried out on the BC3F2 population by using four markers, i.e., RM6, RM240, RM252, and RM451, for association analysis with iron tolerance. A total of 23 BC3F2 lines were selected on the basis of their higher tolerance (score 1) for Fe2+ compared with the tolerant parental line ‘AS996’. The markers RM6 and RM240 were highly polymorphic and identified different Fe2+-tolerant lines in the BC3F2 population. Among the BC3F3 progeny derived from the selected 23 BC3F2 lines, BC3F3-7 was identified as the most Fe2+-tolerant line. BC3F3-15 was also found to be Fe2+ tolerant. Both lines showed good development capability and provided high yields under stress conditions. These tolerant BC3F3 lines could be further screened with additional SSR markers in future breeding programs aiming to increase rice production in iron-contaminated areas of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.
Keywords: Backcrosses, iron toxicity, phenotypic and genotypic traits, screening, SSR markers, genetic analysis, Oryza sativa L.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2021.53.4.7