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SABRAO JOURNAL of BREEDING and GENETICS, Volume 50 Number 4, DECEMBER 2018
This last issue for 2018 covers articles on rice, corn, pepper among others.
Joint Symposium of the Korean Breeding Society and the 14th SABRAO Congress
The Joint Symposium of the Korean Breeding Society and the 14th SABRAO Congress will be held in Kwangju-city, Korea on 2-5 July 2019. The year 2019 marks the 50th anniversary of the Korean Breeding Society.
Advancing Breeding and Genetics Research in Asia and Oceania for 50 Years through SABRAO
The Society for the Advancement of Breeding Research in Asia and Oceania (SABRAO) is an international society devoted to basic and applied aspects of breeding research in economically important plant species.
SABRAO 13th Conference Proceedings
The Proceedings of the 13th SABRAO Conference is now available.
WEBSITE DEVELOPMENT
The SABRAO website is currently being upgraded to incorporate new features.
MONITORING AND DETECTION OF WHEAT BLAST DISEASE CAUSED BY MAGNAPORTHE ORYZAE TRITICUM PATHOTYPE IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
M.M. JAVAID, N. AHMAD, A. JAVED, M. MAKHDOOM M. SALEEM, M. OWAIS, M. NADEEM, S. RAHMAN, S. MEHBOOB, S. NAZ, A. REHMAN, J. AHMED, and M.H. TANVEER
SUMMARY
The wheat blast caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype has become a serious threat to wheat production in Pakistan and India after its severe outbreak in Bangladesh in 2016 and intermittent occurrence since then. Thus, planned systemic surveillance of wheat crops in two phases in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 began to determine the status of wheat blasts in Punjab, Pakistan. In the first phase, a survey of 160 wheat fields in districts in Punjab ensued for typical blast symptoms. The surveillance‟s second phase occurred after the threshing of the wheat crop, with composite grain samples collected from all over Punjab, then analyzed in the lab. The surveillance results indicated that all the wheat fields were free from the typical blast symptoms. Similarly, none of the analyzed samples showed the presence of wheat blast pathogens. Therefore, the study validates that this dreadful disease (blast) does not exist in Punjab, Pakistan. Hence, the reason to remain calm needs dissemination among the farming community and the training of technical agriculture extension staff for vigilance in the future for monitoring this disease in different agro-ecological zones of Punjab.
Keywords: Wheat blast, monitoring, Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype, environmental conditions, Punjab-Pakistan
Key Findings: Thorough surveillance of fields during the years 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 wheat crop seasons, as well as seed analysis from all over Punjab, depicted no infestation of wheat blast in Punjab, Pakistan.
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Date published: December 2022
DOI: http://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2022.54.5.4
Validation of molecular markers linked to cercospora leaf spot disease resistance in mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek)
Papan P, Chueakhunthod W, Poolsawat O, Arsakit K, Tharapreuksapong A, Tantasawat PA
SUMMARY
Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) resistance is a highly desirable trait for mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek) production in Thailand. ‘V4718’ is a vital resistance source that shows high and stable resistance to CLS disease. A previous study identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) (qCLSC72V18-1) controlling CLS resistance and found the marker (I16274) that was located closest to the resistance gene by using F2:9 and F2:10 recombinant inbred line populations derived through a cross between ‘V4718’ and the susceptible variety ‘Chai Nat 72’ (‘CN72’). Here, we evaluated three newly reported simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and one InDel marker together with six previously identified markers that were linked to qCLSC72V18-1 to further identify the markers that were located close to this QTL. By performing bulk segregant analysis on two validation populations, we found that two SSR markers (Vr6gCLS037 and Vr6gCLS133) and one InDel marker (VrTAF5_indel) were putatively associated with CLS resistance. Of these markers, only the VrTAF5_indel marker showed a significant association with the CLS resistance gene with a logarithm of odds score > 3 across the phenotypic data for 2016 and 2018. QTL analysis with inclusive composite interval mapping revealed that the VrTAF5_indel marker was integrated into the genetic map with other previously identified markers. The I16274 and VrTAF5_indel markers flanking the QTL of interest accounted for 41.56%-60.38% of the phenotypic variation with genetic distances of 4.0 and 5.0 cM from the resistance gene, respectively. Both markers together permitted only 0.40% recombination with the CLS resistance gene in markerassisted selection and thus could be useful in future breeding efforts for CLS resistance in mungbean.
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Keywords: Cercospora leaf spot, inclusive composite interval mapping, marker-assisted selection, mungbean, quantitative trait loci analysis
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2021.53.4.16
Chili pepper genotypes assay approach for resistance to Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera:Aphididae)
Daryanto A, Syukur M, Sobir, Maharijaya A, Hidayat P
SUMMARY
The cotton aphid (Aphis gossypi), is one of the most devastating insect pests for chili pepper that damages the crop and transmits several viruses. Thus far, there is no commercial chili cultivar with effective resistance to cotton aphids (CA). The present study aimed to develop a reliable and practical screening protocol in chili peppers for aphids resistance in the tropical areas. Three no-choice test methods i.e., seedling cage, detached leaf, and clip cage tests have been developed. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in a greenhouse at the Gunung Putri, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Seven chili pepper genotypes belong to the species Capsicum annuum L. provided by the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia were used in this study. Chili pepper resistance to aphids was observed through the number of aphids progeny, and aphids fecundity among the genotypes. Two chili genotypes consistently showed low infestation while other genotypes showed the highest infestation with three screening methods. All the methods have a high heritability value (90%–91%), indicating that the evaluated chili genotypes could be used to determine effective screening methods. The correlation between the detached leaf and clip cage tests was significant (r = 0.84, P ≤ 0.05). Therefore, the clip cage test could be used as a reliable and practical screening test for the assay of chili peppers resistance to CA infestation. These information will be helpful in the development of aphid resistant cultivars in the future.
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Keywords: Clip cage, cotton aphids, detached leaf, no-choice tests, seedling phase
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2021.53.4.15