Wheat is a globally significant cereal crop crucial for ensuring food security. Plant breeders strive to enhance yield potential by developing optimized and stable genotypes. In Pakistan, an agricultural country facing food security challenges, annual multi-environment trials (MET)’s systematic conduct transpire across various research stations in Punjab province. Precise data analysis of these trials is paramount in strengthening the national agricultural research system. The primary objective of this study was to identify stable wheat genotypes by analyzing data from MET trials in 31 distinct environments within the Punjab province during 2020–2021. The study comprised 50 wheat genotypes laid out under an alpha lattice design. The collected data underwent an analysis based on additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) in combination with other stability measures. The findings revealed that genotype G41 (HYT100-27) exhibited superior performance, ranking within the top five across all five stability measures. Likewise, G27 (TWS17042) and G22 (HYT100-100) genotypes have four stability measures recommending these. Notably, G1 (HYT100-74) demonstrated the highest average yield across all locations and gained support from two additional stability measures. Therefore, G41, G27, G22, and G1 emerged as the most stable and productive genotypes among all those studied. Regarding the environments, MLSI proved the most desirable, followed by RARL. Conversely, the ARFG and ARFK resulted as the least ideal environments.
AMMI, AMMI Stability Index (ASI), wheat, genotype by environment interaction (GGE), biplot, stability measures, multi-environment trials
The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis, with other stability analyses, helped in identifying stable genotypes from multi-environment trials conducted in 31 different environments in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The genotypes HYT100-27, TWS17042, HYT100-100, and HYT100-74 exhibited high stability, gaining classification as most stable genotypes. Moreover, the MLSI and RARL proved the most desirable environments for wheat cultivation.