The presented research comprised the study of vegetation development and productivity in agrolandscapes using satellite imagery and ground surveys in the Upper Shirvan economic region. Climate change with uncertainties and rapid population growth has a significant impact on agrolandscapes and their vegetation. For a rapidly growing population, food security is an important challenge worldwide. The expansion of cultivated fields and their proper management causes numerous constraints. This research identified four administrative districts located in the economic region and analyzed their vegetation cover at different points. For the study, the authors used the data from Landsat 8 and 9 satellites. The NDV (normalized difference vegetation) and NDM (normalized difference moisture) indices with different bands served to study the vegetation cover and their dynamics in different phases of development. Studying plant productivity entailed the collection of plant samples from the research areas before their analysis in the laboratory. The vegetation development revealed higher indicators in the Gobustan BTS and Ivanovka settlements, while the lowest were in the Narimankend and Arabgadim settlements.
Agrolandscapes, vegetation cover, vegetation productivity and development, zero hunger, landsat satellites, remote sensing, NDVI, NDMI
Studies used multiple vegetation indices, such as SAVI (soil adjusted vegetation index), MSAVI (modified SAVI), OSAVI (optimized SAVI), ARVI (atmospherically resistant vegetation index), and SARVI (soil and atmospherically resistant vegetation index), derived from satellite data. Their combination with ground truth yield measurements achieved the highest predictive accuracy, with composite indices explaining over 83% of yield variance (R² ≈ 0.84). The findings highlighted those integrating high-resolution satellite-derived vegetation indices with ground measurements, which enhanced monitoring of vegetation dynamics and productivity across diverse agrolandscapes.