Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has become a major global food crop. Considerable population growth, food demand, and crop quality have encouraged the use of efficient technology to identify the high-yielding genotypes. The following study aimed to estimate the variances among the quantitative traits and the correlation among measured traits, as well as to identify the high-yielding potato genotypes using the multi-traits genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI). Ten potato genotypes generated through gamma-ray mutation from four cultivars and two commercial check cultivars underwent evaluation at Pangalengan, West Java, Indonesia, using a randomized complete block design. The results showed potato genotypes displayed significant differences for most traits, except economic tuber weight and leaf width. Tuber weight per plot revealed a significant positive correlation with tubers per plot, tubers per plant, economic tuber weight, stem diameter, tuber diameter, and economic amount of tubers. The MGIDI analysis successfully identified the two leading potato genotypes (G7 and G11) with a selection accuracy of 89.4% and heritability ranging from 23.8% to 92.7%. The MGIDI proved to be effective in selecting superior genotypes based on several quantitative traits, providing insight for future potato breeding programs.

Keywords: Potato (S. tuberosum L.), mutant genotypes, morphological and yield traits, MGIDI, multi-traits, PCA, selection accuracy, heritability

Key findings: Potato (S. tuberosum L.) mutant genotypes showed significant differences for most traits. The selection of two high-yielding potato clones was successful through the MGIDI analysis.