The conducted experiments sought to create inbred alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) lines based on the study of self-fertility, autotripping, inbreeding depression, and the general combining ability of lines in inbreeding generations from the first to the seventh generation. The self-fertility trait showed manifestations in all samples with a high value of up to 100% during artificial flower opening. Given the level of “autotripping” is insignificant (up to 5%), it limited self-fertility in freely propagated populations. The efficiency of inbreeding was successful in their establishment up to the second and third generations, where the lines achieved the highest value of the general combining ability effect. The developed promising lines served as a genetic basis for the formation of high-yielding cultivars (Kokbalausa, Kokoray, Osimtal, Kokshalgyn, and Shabyt 80) with the optimum effect of intrapopulation heterosis.
Alfalfa (M. sativa L.), heterosis, self-fertility, autotripping, inbred lines, intra-populations, general combining ability, synthetic cultivars
In alfalfa (M. sativa L.), the inbred lines have succeeded in developing with their optimal level of inbreeding. For developing synthetic cultivars, the use of inbred lines continued through GCA and intrapopulation hybridization and heterosis. Five cultivars of alfalfa have reached formation and inclusion in the State Register of Cultivars Approved for Cultivation.