This study aimed to evaluate the effect of moringa leaf extract and mineral fertilizer on the growth and yield traits of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), carried out during the growing season of 2024 at the University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq. The experiment layout was in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors: a) foliar application of moringa leaf extract (M) (0, 5, and 10 ml L^-1) and urea fertilizer (U) (0, 4, and 6 g L^-1) and three replications, resulting in 27 treatments. The study used hybrid cauliflower seeds (Green Stream). The foliar application of moringa leaf extract and urea fertilization significantly improved the growth parameters, such as head circumference, plant height, the number of leaves, petiole thickness, chlorophyll content, and stem length. Likewise, the treatments enhanced productivity indicators (head weight and total yield) compared with the control treatment. The most effective integrated treatment was the foliar application of moringa extract (10 ml L^-1) combined with urea fertilizer (6 g L^-1), which resulted in the highest productivity of cabbage.

Keywords: Cabbage (B. oleracea L.), moringa leaf extract, mineral fertilizer, chlorophyll content, growth and yield traits, cabbage, weight and total yield

Key findings: The most effective integrated treatment was the foliar application of moringa leaf extract (10 ml L^-1) combined with urea fertilizer (6 g L^-1), resulting in the highest productivity of cabbage (B. oleracea L.).