The following study comprised identifying the genes associated with oleic acid through phylogeny tree and correspondence analysis in five cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., the number of chromosomes, 2n = 34), carried out at the University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq. Five sunflower cultivars (Argensun, Awess xxxxl, Coban, Agway XL-10, and Royal 2), as selected, had their seeds grown during the first 10 days of October 2024. The genomic DNA extraction from younger plant leaves used test kits, while measuring the concentration and purity of DNA used the NanoDrop ND-1000. The calculation of ratios of genetic dimensions and similarities among the sunflower cultivars also transpired, with the phylogeny tree and correspondence analysis performed using the PAST3 program. The sunflower cultivars exhibited successful DNA extraction, with notable variations in DNA concentration and purity, reflecting the main genetic differences among these genotypes. Since the sunflower genotypes had the highest concentration of DNA, the cultivars Royal-2 and Argensun were ideal for gene amplification and genetic diversity analysis. The Coban cultivar had the highest content of oleic acid, while the Argensun cultivar had the lowest amount of oleic acid.
Sunflower (H. annuus L.), genes associated with oleic acid, phylogenetic trees, crops, genomic DNA, correspondence analysis, genetic dimensions and similarities
Significant changes in DNA content and purity occurred among the five sunflower (H. annuus L.) cultivars, reflecting the main genetic variants between these genotypes. Cultivars Royal-2 and Argensun were ideal for the genetic diversity analysis and gene amplification, and the sunflower genotypes exhibited the highest DNA concentration.