Molecular information has been available about the genome of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), which include about 18 nucleus’ chromosomes, one chloroplast chromosome, and more than 100 main genes with a total sequence length of proso millet 854,793,052 nucleotides. All chromosomes also differed in total length, ungapped length, Scaffold N50, and spanned gaps, however, did not differ in scaffold count and unspanned gaps. All genes in the genomic classification resulted into 17 groups according functions. Therefore, some genes encode functional enzymes with links to organelles in the cytoplasm and inside the nucleus to perform a specific function or structural proteins involved in plant biosynthesis. The 17 groups observed had main functions of the protein (ribosomal RNA protein, ATP synthase enzyme, NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase enzyme, cytochrome protein, photosystem, ribosomal Protein L, ribosomal Protein S, RNA polymerase, tRNA protein, Hypothetical chloroplast RF, and single proteins). The genes also differed in size, and the smaller gene included 65 nucleotides, while the bigger gene included 2883 nucleotides. The local variety of millet grown in Iraq possesses most genes registered among the international millet varieties of the Gene Bank, according to the National Center for Biotechnology. This study validated such results of gene detection.
Proso millet (P. miliaceum L.), molecular studies, gene map, chromosomes, gene functions, nucleotides, proteins
The presented molecular study detected 17 functional gene groups in the local cultivar of Proso millet (P. miliaceum L.).