Uzbekistan’s local market presently sells mainly imported vegetable oil. However, the oil network has huge production capacity in covering a massive demand in Uzbekistan. The implementation of comprehensive measures progresses to develop the oil industry to increase production volumes and enhance finished products to meet population needs. Field experiments on amaranth’s (Amaranthus viridis L.) three cultivars (Gultojixo’roz “IKBA-TDAU 1”, and Giant) under typical gray soils of Uzbekistan showed that earlier sowing (April 10) with both planting schemes (70 cm × 15 cm and 70 cm × 25 cm) ensured better growth, phenological traits, and yield-related traits than late sowing (April 20). In the first planting period, grain yield exceeded the control by 0.16–0.4 t/ha, and 1000-grain weight was also higher. Amaranth seeds appeared to contain valuable bioactive compounds, including squalene, tocotrienols, omega-3, 6, and 9 fatty acids, proteins, and vitamins. The oil content ranged from 9.5% to 12.6%, depending on the amaranth cultivar, and the cultivars Gultojixo’roz “IKBA-TDAU 1” and Giant showed the highest oil content. The results highlighted amaranth’s potential as a source of oil, proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins for use in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

Keywords: Amaranth (A. viridis L.), cultivars, planting period, planting scheme, yield-related traits, oil content, bioactive compounds, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins

Key findings: Amaranth (A. viridis L.) with early sowing and planting schemes (70 cm × 15 cm and 70 cm × 25 cm) showed enhanced growth, phenology, and grain yield compared with late sowing. Amaranth seeds contained 9.5%–12.6% oil along with bioactive compounds. Cultivars Gultojixo’roz “IKBA-TDAU 1”, and Giant demonstrated superior grain yield and seed oil contents.