A field experiment during the winter crop of 2022–2023 focused on silts soil of the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station, College of Agriculture, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq. The latest study aimed to determine the cumulative effects of triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) cultivars and nitrogen fertilization levels on triticale growth and yield-related traits. The study included three triticale cultivars (Farah, Amal, and Muhannad) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 100, 120, and 140 N kg ha^-1). The presented experiment had a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement and three replications. The results showed the cultivars had a significant impact on some yield components, and the cultivar Amal gave the highest number of grains per spike, biological and grain yields, and protein (56.74 grains per spike, 22.75 and 6.64 mg ha^-1, and 12.20%, respectively). Triticale cultivar Muhannad achieved the topmost spike efficiency and 1000-grain weight with means of 96.96% and 40.67 g, respectively. The results further revealed that increased level of nitrogen fertilizer raised the grain yield. The nitrogen fertilizer (140 kg ha^-1) attained the maximum mean for spikes appearance, number of spikes, grains per spike, biological and grain yields, and protein percentage (95.87%, 675.2 spikes m^-2, 62.56 grains per spike, 26.78 and 8.07 mg ha^-1, and 12.66%, respectively).

Keywords: Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), cultivars, nitrogen fertilization levels, growth and yield-related traits, protein percentage

Key findings: Triticale cultivar Amal showed the best performance and the highest grain yield (6.64 mg ha^-1). The nitrogen fertilizer (140 kg ha^-1) achieved the highest mean for the grain yield (8.07 mg ha^-1).