Soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes that combine high yield and pod-shatter resistance are essential for improving productivity, particularly under tropical conditions. The following study evaluated the agronomic performance and pod-shattering resistance of 16 soybean genotypes, including 14 elite breeding lines and two check cultivars, across two locations in East Java, Indonesia. Significant genotype-by-environment interactions (p ≤ 0.01) emerged for most agronomic traits, except plant height, empty pods, and seed yield. Seed yield ranged from 2.50 to 3.46 t/ha, with an overall average of 3.03 t/ha, and had a positive correlation with the number of nodes and filled pods. Four genotypes (G1, G4, G11, and G15) were highly resistant to pod shattering. Selection based on multiple traits using the GT biplot successfully identified six soybean genotypes (G1, G2, G4, G5, G8, and G15) that exhibited the best performance for filled pods, seed yield, and resistance to pod shattering. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of multi-trait selection using the GT biplot and provide promising candidate lines for developing high-yielding, pod-shattering-resistant soybean cultivars adapted to tropical environments.
Soybean (G. max L.), yield-related traits, pod-shattering resistance, genotype-environment interaction, correlation, multiple traits
In soybeans (G. max L.), the seed yield proved considerably and positively correlated with the number of nodes and filled pods. The high-yielding soybean genotypes with pod-shattering resistance and desirable agronomic traits identified through genotype-by-trait biplot analysis could serve as promising genetic resources for the development of new cultivars in breeding programs.