Genetic parameters’ estimation using Hayman’s diallel approach commenced in 2023 on chili (Capsicum annuum L.) F₁ hybrid populations developed through the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The prevailing study aimed to acquire information about various genetic parameters and gene action that control the chili seeds’ viability using Hayman’s diallel analysis approach. The results revealed that all observed variables had the additive gene action managing them. The distribution of genes in the parental genotypes for the probed traits was uneven, with all features controlled by 1–2 genes. The heritability values in broad sense (79.05–96.23) and narrow sense (72.99–84.81) were high on most chili traits. The present information is suitable for determining the direction of cultivars for production in subsequent breeding activities. Information about the genetic parameters can benefit a considerable basis in future breeding programs, especially seed viability in chili.

Keywords: Additive and dominance effects, genes, genetic parameters, heritability, seed viability

Key findings: The results revealed that an additive gene action controlled all the variables. The broad sense heritability (h²bs) values were high for all the traits, while the narrow meaning heritability (h²ns) values were elevated only for some.