In Kazakhstan, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grains are mainly for feed, food, and materials for brewing industries. Given the development of livestock farming and the processing industry, the Republics of Central Asia and Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, are prime producers of grain crops used as feed. Similarly, a greater demand for barley grains is prevalent in countries like Iran, Turkey, and UAE. The presented study sought to assess the genetic potential of newly developed and promising winter barley cultivars, adaptive to specific zones and widely adaptable cultivars for cultivation in spacious areas. Climate change caused instability and a decline in yields; hence, stabilizing grain production over crop seasons and locations is one of the chief issues. The role of selection in local cultivars enhanced significantly; however, a conventional introduction cannot combat the negative influence of limiting environmental factors specific to particular zones. Therefore, developing highly productive and competitive barley cultivars adapted to local ecological conditions is highly relevant. The result of scientific research for 2020–2023 recognized 10 new barley cultivars for competitive varietal testing based on economically valuable traits.
Winter barley (H. vulgare L.), high-yielding cultivars, climate change, temperature, precipitation, phenology, growing seasons, grain yield and quality, protein, starch
The results revealed a weak relationship between the grain yield and quality indicators like starch and protein in winter barley (H. vulgare L.). The winter barley yield bears considerable influences from weather conditions, especially during the heading-ripening phase in Southeast Kazakhstan.