The following study aimed to explore the genetic diversity among 13 oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes (Alguda, Anatolia, Pimula, Genzania, Hamel, ICARDA short, Kangaroo, ICARDA tall, Mitika, Possum, UC-132, Monte Zuma, and Cayuse) with three potassium concentrations (0, 10, and 20 g/L). The experiment, carried out during the winter crop of 2024–2025, transpired in one of the farmers’ fields under the Kirkuk Irrigation Project. Foliar application of potassium had the form of potassium sulfate (52% K₂O). The degree of genetic diversity estimates through the genotypic variations in response to potassium used cluster analysis. The oat genotypes revealed significant genetic variability as influenced by potassium concentrations for biochemical traits. The oat genotype Kangaroo emerged with greater genetic potential in reaction to foliar application of potassium (20 g/L), showing the highest percentages of crude protein, soluble carbohydrates, moisture, and ash content (44%, 55.40%, 18.20%, and 3.13%, respectively). Cluster analysis disclosed substantial genetic diversity among the oat genotypes, with the Kangaroo identified as a stable genotype in the main group with potassium levels displaying superiority in biochemical features.

Keywords: Oat (A. sativa L.), genotypes, genetic diversity, potassium concentrations, cluster analysis

Key findings: The study showed the highest concentration of potassium (20 g/L) significantly improved the biochemical traits of the oat (A. sativa L.) genotypes, particularly in the genotype Kangaroo. Cluster analysis revealed substantial genetic diversity among the genotypes, supporting their potential use in breeding programs.