The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop is a priority sector of agriculture in the Turkestan Region, Kazakhstan. An evaluation of the cotton cultivar Maktaaral-5027’s response took place for nine variants comprising different doses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium under two soil backgrounds (slightly saline and medium saline). The study occurred at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Cotton and Melon Growing, Turkestan, Kazakhstan. Fertilizers used included ammonium nitrate (34%), double superphosphate (45%), and potassium sulfate (51%), which were applied in one step before sowing the cotton crop for deep cultivation. The fertilizer application revealed some patterns in the formation of seed cotton yield. In the variant combining triple doses of nitrogen with double doses of phosphorus and potassium (N₁₅₀P₁₀₀K₈₀) under low soil salinity, the seed cotton yield was higher, reaching 6.49 t/ha of raw cotton. On a slightly saline background, nitrogen fertilizers increased the raw cotton yield to 18.3% and 28.8% in variants with double (N₁₀₀P₁₀₀K₈₀) and triple (N₁₅₀P₁₀₀K₈₀) doses compared with medium doses of phosphorus and potassium.

Keywords: Cotton (G. hirsutum L.), saline soil, fertilizer doses, seed cotton yield, fiber quality

Key findings: The upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) cultivar Maktaaral-5027 with different doses of fertilizers allowed us to identify its higher seed cotton yield on the gray soil of the Turkestan Region, Kazakhstan.