Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a valuable oilseed and technical crop. The flaxseed oil ranks first among the various technical oils. Kazakhstan has the leading position and was the largest producer of oilseed flax from 2019 to 2022 worldwide. In the recommended crop cultivars of Kazakhstan, 15 flax cultivars’ registration succeeded, including six cultivars obtained through domestic selection. The developed flax cultivars are mostly products from research organizations, such as the Karabalyk Agricultural Experimental Station, Astana, and the Agricultural Experimental Station of Zarechnoye, Northern Kazakhstan. In previous years, flax cultivars, such as Kostanaysky-11 and Altyn, have been part of crop breeding achievements of Kazakhstan. In the competitive variety testing nursery during 2020–2024 at the Karabalyk Agricultural Experimental Station, the genotype K-57-13-2 ‘Asay’ emerged as the leader with an average seed yield of 1.7 t/ha, oil content of 42.6%, and oil yield of 0.721 t/ha. At the Agricultural Experimental Station, Zarechnoye, in the competitive variety testing nursery during 2021–2024, the flax genotype C5402 ‘Satti’ stood out with an average seed yield of 1.92 t/ha, oil content of 36.4%, and oil yield of 0.700 t/ha.
Flax (L. usitatissimum L.), breeding, variety, seed yield, oil, oil yield, Kazakhstan
As a result of breeding research work on the flax (L. usitatissimum L.) at the Karabalyk Agricultural Experimental Station, Astana, and Agricultural Experimental Station, Zarechnoye, the flax cultivars ‘Asay’ and ‘Satti’ were the products developed and submitted for evaluation to the State Commission on Crops, Kazakhstan.