In Azerbaijan, the Shamkir District is one of the oldest agricultural regions on the northeastern slope of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains. The presented investigations mainly assessed the current state, dynamics, and comparative parameters of erosion, emphasizing its repercussions on fertility indicators of agricultural soils. Simultaneously, the study employed state-of-the-art methodologies to scrutinize soil sections strategically positioned in key areas of the research domain. The advanced chemical analyses helped acquire results that underwent meticulous refinement through mathematical and statistical methodologies. The study also determined the nitrogen, activated phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium levels beneath the grape plants, aimed at strengthening measures for soil erosion protection in the target region. Expanding the research was imperative to highlight the correlation between soil erosion and its consequences on the local ecosystem. Beyond the immediate impact on soil fertility, erosion can lead to enhanced sedimentation in water bodies, affecting water quality and aquatic habitats.

Keywords: Mountain gray-cinnamon (chestnut), soil types and subtypes, erosion process, soil sections, arable soils, diagnostic index, fertility parameters

Key findings: Mountain gray-cinnamon (chestnut) (42759.79 ha) is one of the widespread soil types on the northeastern slope of the Lesser Caucasus mountains in Azerbaijan. The vital factors of that soil are fertility parameters like humus, nitrogen, CaCO₃, and the sum of absorbed bases (SUB, mg-ekv), which can sustain plant growth and optimize crop yields in that specified soil. The soil granulometric composition’s expression was as a percentage of the weight of purely dry soil.